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''Phaeolus schweinitzii'', commonly known as velvet-top fungus, dyer's polypore, or dyer's mazegill, is a fungal plant pathogen that causes butt rot on conifers such as Douglas-fir, spruce, fir, hemlock, pine, and larch.〔 ''P. schweinitzii'' is a polypore, although unlike bracket fungi the fruiting body may appear terrestrial when growing from the roots or base of the host tree. The fruiting bodies, appearing in late summer or fall, commonly incorporate blades of grass, twigs, or fallen pine needles as they grow. As these fruiting bodies age, the pore surface turns from yellow to greenish yellow, the top becomes darker, and the flesh becomes harder and more wood-like.〔 The effect, impact and significance of infection by this fungus is rooted in the fact that it causes brown rot, which degrades the cellulose. Thus there is a loss of tensile strength which often leads to brittle fracture near the stem base, even at a fairly early stage of decay. Decay initiated above ground can lead to branch snap or breakout. ''P. schweinitzii'' is native to North America and Eurasia, and has been identified as an exotic species in New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa. As its common name suggests, the dyer's polypore is an excellent natural source of green, yellow, gold, or brown dye, depending on the material dyed and the mordant used.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Mushroom-Collecting.com )〕 ''P. schweinitzii'' is named after Lewis David de Schweinitz, a Pennsylvania-born Moravian minister and important early American mycologist. == External links == * (Index Fungorum ) * (USDA ARS Fungal Database ) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Phaeolus schweinitzii」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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